• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a structure (100) constituting an acoustic insulator and comprising a first plate (102), a second plate (104) pierced with holes (106), and a core (108) glued between the plates (102, 104). . The core (108) comprises: - a plurality of intermediate strips (110) perpendicular to at least one of the plates (102, 104), - a plurality of folded strips (112a-b) which are folded accordionally, each folded strip (112a-b) is arranged between two successive intermediate strips (110), and forms with the intermediate strips (110) triangular prisms, or for two folded strips (112a-b) on either side of a same intermediate band (110), the generatrix of the triangular prism of one of the folded strips (112a) has an acute angle with respect to the first plate (102), and the generatrix of the triangular prism of the other folded band (112b) ) has an obtuse angle with respect to the first plate (102).
    公开号:FR3060829A1
    申请号:FR1662821
    申请日:2016-12-20
    公开日:2018-06-22
    发明作者:Arnulfo CARAZO MENDEZ；Jean-Michel ROGERO；Alain Porte
    申请人:Airbus Operations SAS；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    TECHNICAL AREA
    The present invention relates to a structure constituting an acoustic insulator, a method of manufacturing such a structure, as well as a machine used in the context of said manufacturing process.
    STATE OF THE PRIOR ART
    During operation, an aircraft engine generates noise. This motor is housed in a nacelle and to reduce this noise, it is known to put in place structures constituting an acoustic insulator around the motor in the structure of the nacelle.
    Such structures constituting an acoustic insulator take, for example, the form of honeycomb structures. Such a honeycomb structure comprises two parallel plates, one of which is perforated and between which are arranged hexagonal cells juxtaposed to each other.
    To increase the effectiveness of acoustic treatments at low frequencies of the honeycomb structure, it is known to tilt each rectangular cell relative to the normal to the plates. Such an inclined honeycomb structure is described in document US-A-3,821,999.
    Although from an acoustic point of view, such an inclined honeycomb structure gives good results, the structural strength, in particular in compression, of such a structure is degraded compared to the structural strength of a structure whose cells are not tilted. In addition, such an inclined honeycomb structure being produced by cutting a non-inclined honeycomb structure, this results in significant material losses during its manufacture.
    STATEMENT OF THE INVENTION
    An object of the present invention is to provide a structure constituting an acoustic insulator which in particular makes it possible to obtain a more mechanically robust structure.
    To this end, a structure is proposed constituting an acoustic insulator and comprising:
    - a first plate,
    - a second plate pierced with holes,
    a core bonded between the first plate and the second plate, said core comprising:
    - a plurality of intermediate strips perpendicular to at least one of the first plate and the second plate and extending between the two plates,
    - a plurality of folded bands which are folded in accordion, each folded band is arranged between two successive intermediate bands, where one fold line in two is glued to one of the two intermediate bands and the other fold lines are glued to the other of the two intermediate strips, where the two folds of the folded strip which are on either side of a fold line constitute two faces of a triangular prism and the zone of the intermediate strip which is glued to the two fold lines adjacent to the fold line which is between said two folds constitutes the third face of the triangular prism, where for two bands folded on either side of the same intermediate band, the generator of the triangular prism of one of the folded bands has an acute angle relative to the first plate, and the generator of the triangular prism of the other folded strip has an obtuse angle relative to the first pl aque.
    The triangular structure and with two inverted inclinations makes it possible to obtain a structure constituting an effective acoustic insulator and having a reinforced mechanical structure, as well as to limit losses during its manufacture.
    Advantageously, the intermediate strips undergo a first folding and a second overlapping folding, and the two folding operations are carried out with different folding angles.
    Advantageously, the fold line corresponding to the first fold and the fold line corresponding to the second fold intersect at a point located on an edge of the intermediate strip.
    The invention also provides a method of manufacturing a structure constituting an acoustic insulator, the manufacturing method comprising:
    - a method of folding strips in order to obtain folded strips using a folding machine comprising:
    - two rollers, each roller being mounted movable in rotation about its axis, and the two axes being parallel to a mean plane in which the strip is inscribed, and
    - a first and a second plate, each plate having a leading edge, being movable in translation, on the one hand, in first directions in a plane perpendicular to the mean plane, and, on the other hand, in second directions parallel to the mean plane, the leading edges of the plates being mutually parallel and not being parallel to the mean plane, the strip being guided between the two rollers towards the plates,
    a step of bonding intermediate strips and folded strips between plates, by inserting a folded strip between two intermediate strips, and positioning them so as to present generators with reverse inclination, the folding process comprising, when the first plate is between a fold and the rollers:
    - a step where the leading edge of the second plate attacks the strip in order to fold it in the other direction, the second plate being between the first plate and the rollers,
    - a stage where the first tray is removed,
    - a step where the second plate is moved so as to crush the folds already made,
    - a stage where the first plate is moved so as to pass between the second plate and the rollers,
    - a stage where the leading edge of the first plate attacks the strip on the first side to fold it,
    - a stage where the second tray is removed,
    - a stage where the first plate is moved so as to crush the folds already made,
    - a stage where the second plate is moved so as to pass between the first plate and the rollers,
    - a stage where the leading edge of the second plate attacks the strip on the second side, and so on.
    The invention also provides a folding machine comprising:
    - two rollers, each roller being motorized and mounted movable in rotation about its axis, and the two axes being parallel to a mean plane,
    - a first and a second plate, each plate having a leading edge, being movable in translation, on the one hand, in first directions in a plane perpendicular to the mean plane, and, on the other hand, in second directions parallel to the mean plane, the leading edges of the plates being mutually parallel and not being parallel to the mean plane,
    - actuators making it possible to move each plate in each of the directions, and
    - a control unit which controls each actuator to ensure the appropriate movements of each tray and roller.
    Advantageously, each plate is movable in rotation about an axis normal to its surface, and the folding machine comprises, for each plate, an actuator controlled by the control unit to move said plate in rotation.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    The characteristics of the invention mentioned above, as well as others, will appear more clearly on reading the following description of an exemplary embodiment, said description being made in relation to the accompanying drawings, among which:
    Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a structure constituting an acoustic insulator according to the invention, FIGS. 2A to 2D show steps for manufacturing a folded strip of the structure constituting an acoustic insulator in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 shows a top view of a machine used in the context of manufacturing the structure constituting an acoustic insulator, FIGS. 4A to 4C show steps for manufacturing an intermediate strip of the structure constituting an acoustic insulator, FIG. 5 A shows a side view of a folded intermediate strip, and FIG. 5B shows a top view of the intermediate strip of FIG. 5A.
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS
    Fig. 1 shows a structure 100 constituting an acoustic insulator and taking the form of a honeycomb structure. The structure 100 comprises a first plate 102 and a second plate 104 which are at a distance from each other. One of the plates, here the second plate 104, is pierced with holes 106 to allow the passage of the acoustic waves.
    Between the first plate 102 and the second plate 104, a core 108 is arranged which is glued to the first plate 102 and to the second plate 104.
    The core consists of a plurality of intermediate bands 110 and a plurality of folded bands 112a and 112b.
    The intermediate strips 110 are perpendicular at least to one of the first plate 102 and of the second plate 104 and extend between the two plates 102 and 104. Each intermediate strip 110 is glued by one of its sides to the first plate 102 and by the other of its flanks to the second plate 104.
    In the embodiment of the invention presented in FIG. 1, the intermediate strips 110 are parallel to each other, but in other embodiments, they may not be.
    Each folded strip 112a-b is arranged between two successive intermediate strips 110 and each folded strip 112a, 112b is folded in accordion. Each folded strip 112a-b is glued to the first plate 102 and to the second plate 104.
    Each folded strip 112a-b is thus a succession of fold lines 114 and folds 116.
    For a folded strip 112a-b, one fold line 114 on two is glued to one of the intermediate strips 110 and the other fold lines 114 are glued to the other intermediate strip 110.
    The two folds 116 of the folded strip 112a-b which are on either side of a fold line 114 constitute two faces of a triangular prism and the zone of the intermediate strip 110 which is glued to the two fold lines 114 adjacent to the fold line 114 which is between said two folds 116 constitutes the third face of the triangular prism. In section parallel to the plates 102 and 104, the folds 116 of the folded strip 112a-b and the intermediate strips 110 form triangles.
    The core 108 thus forms an isogrid form (isogrid in English).
    For each folded strip 112a, 112b, the generator of the triangular prism is not perpendicular to the plates 102 and 104, and each folded strip 112a, 112b and the intermediate strips 110 thus generate an oblique triangular prism.
    The bonding of the triangular prisms to each plate 102, 104 seals each triangular prism.
    For two adjacent folded strips 112a-b, that is to say on either side of the same intermediate strip 110, the generator of the triangular prism of one of the folded strips 112a present, seen in a perpendicular direction to the intermediate strips 110, an acute angle a with respect to the first plate 102, and the generator of the triangular prism of the other folded strip 112b has, seen in the same perpendicular direction, an obtuse angle β with respect to the first plate 102 In other words, for two adjacent folded strips 112a-b and seen in the same direction perpendicular to the intermediate strips 110, one is tilted in one direction and the other is tilted in the other direction relative to the direction normal to the first plate 102.
    This double tilt structure provides increased mechanical strength. In particular, it has better mechanical resistance in compression.
    The first plate 102 and the second plate 104 are produced for example from carbon fiber, from metallic materials of the titanium or aluminum alloy type, but also from thermoplastic composites of the PEI (PolyEther Imide), PEAK (PolyArylEtherKetone) or PEKK type ( PolyEther Ether Ketone).
    The intermediate strips 110 and the folded strips 112a and 112b are produced for example from paper, of the aramid paper type, from metallic materials of the titanium or aluminum alloy type, but also from thermoplastic composites of the PEI (PolyEther Imide) type, PEAK (PolyArylEtherKetone) or PEKK (PolyEther Ether Ketone).
    According to a particular embodiment, the angle a of inclination of a folded strip 112a is between 10 ° and 80 °, preferably between 40 ° and 60 ° and, the angle β of inclination of the folded strip 112b neighbor is between 100 ° and 170 °, preferably between 120 ° and 140 °.
    When the plates 102 and 104 are not flat but curved, for example to follow the curvature of the nacelle of an engine, the intermediate strips 110 must follow this curvature. To do this, each intermediate strip 110 is folded as explained below so that the folded area is flattened, that is to say in the plane of the intermediate strip 110.
    Fig. 5A and FIG. 5B show an intermediate strip 110 having undergone folding. In the embodiment of the invention presented in Figs. 5A and 5B, the intermediate strip 110 has undergone a first folding allowing the intermediate fold 502b to be folded down on the upstream fold 502a of the intermediate strip 110 then a second folding allowing the downstream fold 502c to be folded down on the intermediate fold 502b. Here, the first folding perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the upstream fold 502a, and the second folding are carried out at a different angle so as to offset the downstream fold 502c relative to the upstream fold 502a so as to give a curvature to the intermediate strip 110.
    In an advantageous embodiment, the fold line corresponding to the first fold and the fold line corresponding to the second fold intersect at a point situated on an edge of the intermediate strip 110.
    Of course, the angles of the folds can be modified as a function of the curvature 5 to be obtained, and in general, each intermediate strip 110 undergoes a first fold and a second fold superimposed on the first fold, the two folds being carried out with different folding angles.
    The folding operation of the intermediate strip 110 can be repeated depending on the geometry to be obtained.
    Figs. 2A to 2D show side views of a folding machine 200 for folding the folded strips 112a-b, and FIG. 3 shows a top view of the folding machine 200.
    The folding machine 200 comprises two rollers 202a-b and two plates 204a-b.
    Each roller 202a-b is mounted movable in rotation about its axis, and the two axes are parallel. The two rollers 202a-b serve to supply the folding machine 200 with strip 201 and are motorized so as to drive and guide the strip 201 which is disposed between them towards the plates 204a-b.
    After folding the strip 201 will become a folded strip 112a-b.
    The axes of the two rollers 202a-b are parallel to the mean plane in which the strip 201 is inscribed, that is to say the plane equidistant from the two axes.
    Each tray 204a-b has a leading edge 206a-b which attacks the strip 201 in order to fold it.
    Each plate 204a-b is movable in translation, on the one hand, in a plane perpendicular (first directions 20 and 21) to the mean plane, and, on the other hand, parallel (second directions 22 and 23) to the mean plane, c 'ie to the strip 201 coming from the rollers 202a-b.
    To this end, the folding machine 200 has actuators making it possible to move each plate 204a-b in each of the directions. Each actuator is motorized and includes, for example, for each direction, slides to ensure the translation of each plate 204a-b, and an activator such as a motor, a jack, or other to move the plates 204a-b along the slides one way or the other.
    The folding machine 200 also includes a control unit, such as a processor, which controls each actuator to ensure the appropriate movements of each plate 204a-b as described below.
    The control unit also controls the actuator of each roller 202a-b to drive it in rotation.
    Fig. 3 shows a top view of the folding machine 200. As shown in FIG. 3, the leading edges of the plates 204a-b are parallel to each other and are not parallel to the mean plane of the strip 201 when it is between the rollers 202a-b. The angle γ between the mean plane and the first directions 20 and 21 determines the angle of inclination (α, β) of the folded strip 112a-b.
    A folding process for obtaining a folded strip 112a-b implemented by the folding machine 200 is explained below, considering that at least one folding has already been carried out (FIG. 2A), the strip 201 being routed between the rollers 202a-b to the trays 204a-b. The folding process then comprises, when the first plate 204b is between a fold and the rollers 202a-b:
    a step where the leading edge 206b of the first plate 204b has attacked (20) the strip 201 on a first side in order to fold it and hold it in position, the first plate 204b is therefore between a fold and the rollers 202a b,
    a step where the leading edge 206a of the second plate 204a attacks (21, FIG. 2A) the strip 201 on a second side to fold it in the other direction, the second plate 204a being located between the first plate 204b and the rollers 202a-b, the first plate 204b remaining in position to keep the strip 201 already folded,
    a step where the first plate 204b is removed (21, FIG. 2B),
    a step where the second plate 204a is moved (23) so as to crush the folds already made,
    a step where the first plate 204b is moved (22) so as to pass between the second plate 204a and the rollers 202a-b,
    - a step where the leading edge 206b of the first plate 204b attacks (20) the strip 201 on the first side to fold it,
    - a step where the second plate 204a is removed (20, Fig. 2D),
    a step where the first plate 204b is moved (23) so as to crush the folds already made,
    a step where the second plate 204a is moved (22) so as to pass between the first plate 204b and the rollers 202a-b, the first plate 204b remaining in position to keep the strip 201 already folded,
    - a step where the leading edge 206a of the second plate 204a attacks (21, 5 Fig. 2A) the strip 201 on the second side, and so on.
    At the end of the folding of the strip, the folded strip 112a-b is obtained.
    A method of manufacturing the structure 100 consists in making folded strips 112a-b according to the folding process described above, then in performing a step of bonding intermediate strips 110 and folded strips 112a-b between the plates 102 and 104, by inserting a folded strip 112a-b between two intermediate strips 110, and positioning them so as to present generators with reverse inclination.
    Figs. 4A-C show top views of the same folding machine 200 allowing the folding of an intermediate strip 110 when it has to be bent as shown in FIG. 5.
    In this case, each plate 204a-b is also movable in rotation about an axis normal to its surface, and for this purpose, the folding machine 200 comprises, for each plate 204a-b, an actuator, such as a motor, controlled by the control unit to move said rotating table.
    A folding process for obtaining a folded intermediate strip 110 implemented by the folding machine 200 is explained below, the intermediate strip 110 being conveyed between the rollers 202a-b to the plates 204a-b:
    the leading edge 206b of the first plate 204b attacks the intermediate strip 110 on a first side to fold it and in the embodiment presented here the first plate 204b moves perpendicular to the mean plane (FIG. 4A),
    the second plate 204a is moved in rotation around the axis normal to its surface so that its leading edge 206a has an angle different from 90 ° with the mean plane,
    - the second plate 204a attacks (FIG. 4B) the intermediate strip 110 on a second side to fold it in the other direction to fold the intermediate fold 502b onto the upstream fold 502a, the second plate 204a being located between the first plate 204b and the rollers 202a-b, the first plate 204b remaining in position to keep the strip 201 already folded,
    - the first tray 204b is removed (Fig. 2B), ίο
    the first plate 204b is moved in rotation about the axis normal to its surface so that its leading edge 206b is parallel to the leading edge of the second plate 204a,
    the first plate 204b is moved so as to pass between the second plate 204a and the rollers 202a-b,
    - The leading edge 206b of the first plate 204b attacks the intermediate strip 110 on the first side to fold it to fold the downstream fold 502c onto the intermediate fold 502b.
    At the end of the folding of the strip, the folded intermediate strip 110 is obtained.
    Of course, depending on the shape to be obtained for the intermediate strip, the angles of the plates 204a-b relative to the mean plane can be different.
    The aforementioned manufacturing process makes it possible to fabricate the structure 100 while minimizing material losses.
    The folded strips 112a-b can be made of thermosetting composite, for example of the epoxy resin type, and the folding is then carried out by compression in a mold in an autoclave, or by forging in a dedicated mold outside the autoclave. These two processes are carried out at usual temperatures and pressures for thermosetting resins, that is, 2 to 7 bars and 180 ° C. in an autoclave, or 10 to 50 bars and
    180 ° C in forging.
    It is also possible to produce the intermediate strips 110 and / or the folded strips 112a-b by 3D printing by adding material (ALM: Additive Layer Manufacturing in English), in particular in the case of the use of metallic or composite materials.
    In a particular embodiment, notches are cut at the ends of the folded strips 112a-b in contact with the plate 102 and / or the plate 104 and at the ends of the intermediate strips 110 in contact with the plate 102 and / or the plate 104. These notches allow a drainage of liquid which could accumulate in the structure 100. According to a first alternative, these notches are cut after gluing the folded strips 112a-b on the intermediate strips 110 and before the gluing of the plates 102 and / or 104. According to a second alternative, these notches are cut out before folding the folded strips 112a-b.
    权利要求:
    Claims (4)
    [1" id="c-fr-0001]
    1) Structure (100) constituting an acoustic insulator and comprising:
    - a first plate (102),
    - a second plate (104) pierced with holes (106),
    a core (108) bonded between the first plate (102) and the second plate (104), said core (108) comprising:
    - a plurality of intermediate strips (110) perpendicular at least to one of the first plate (102) and the second plate (104) and extending between the two plates (102, 104),
    - a plurality of folded strips (112a-b) which are folded in accordion, each folded strip (112a-b) is arranged between two successive intermediate strips (110), where one fold line (114) in two is glued to one of the two intermediate strips (110) and the other fold lines (114) are glued to the other of the two intermediate strips (110), where the two folds (116) of the folded strip (112a-b) which are on the side and on the other side of a fold line (114) constitute two faces of a triangular prism and the zone of the intermediate strip (110) which is glued to the two fold lines (114) adjacent to the fold line (114 ) which is between said two folds (116) constitutes the third face of the triangular prism, where for two folded strips (112a-b) on either side of the same intermediate strip (110), the generator of the triangular prism of one of the folded strips (112a) has an acute angle relative to the first plate (102), and the generator of the triangular prism of the other folded strip (112b) has an obtuse angle relative to the first plate (102).
    [2" id="c-fr-0002]
    2) Structure (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that the intermediate strips (110) undergo a first folding and a second overlapping folding, and in that the two folds are carried out with different folding angles.
    [3" id="c-fr-0003]
    3) Structure (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that the fold line corresponding to the first fold and the fold line corresponding to the second fold intersect at a point located on an edge of the intermediate strip (110).
    [4" id="c-fr-0004]
    4) Process for manufacturing a structure (100) according to claim 1, the manufacturing process comprising:
    - a method of folding strips (201) in order to obtain folded strips (112a-b) using a folding machine (200) comprising:
    - two rollers (202a-b), each roller (202a-b) being mounted movable in rotation about its axis, and the two axes being parallel to a mean plane in which the strip (201) is inscribed, and
    - a first and a second plate (204a-b), each plate (204a-b) having a leading edge (206a-b), being movable in translation, on the one hand, in first directions (20, 21 ) in a plane perpendicular to the mean plane, and, on the other hand, in second directions (22, 23) parallel to the mean plane, the leading edges of the plates (204a-b) being mutually parallel and not being not parallel to the mean plane, the strip (201) being guided between the two rollers (202a-b) towards the plates (204a-b),
    a step of bonding intermediate strips (110) and folded strips (112ab) between plates (102, 104), by inserting a folded strip (112a-b) between two intermediate strips (110), and positioning them so as to present generators with inverted inclination, the folding process comprising, when the first plate (204b) is between a fold and the rollers (202a-b):
    - A step where the leading edge (206a) of the second plate (204a) attacks (21) the strip (201) to fold it in the other direction, the second plate (204a) being between the first plate (204b ) and the rollers (202a-b),
    - a step where the first plate (204b) is removed (21),
    a step where the second plate (204a) is moved (23) so as to crush the folds already made,
    a step where the first plate (204b) is moved (22) so as to pass between the second plate (204a) and the rollers (202a-b),
    - a step where the leading edge (206b) of the first plate (204b) attacks (20) the strip (201) on the first side to fold it,
    - a step where the second plate (204a) is removed (20),
    a step where the first plate (204b) is moved (23) so as to crush the folds already made,
    a step where the second plate (204a) is moved (22) so as to pass between the first plate (204b) and the rollers (202a-b),
    - a step where the leading edge (206a) of the second plate (204a) attacks (21) the strip (201) on the second side, and so on.
    204a
    206b
    PL. 1/2
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    法律状态:
    2017-12-21| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2018-06-22| PLSC| Publication of the preliminary search report|Effective date: 20180622 |
    2019-12-19| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2020-12-23| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
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    FR1662821A|FR3060829B1|2016-12-20|2016-12-20|STRUCTURE CONSISTING OF ACOUSTIC INSULATION|
    FR1662821|2016-12-20|FR1662821A| FR3060829B1|2016-12-20|2016-12-20|STRUCTURE CONSISTING OF ACOUSTIC INSULATION|
    US15/841,514| US20180174568A1|2016-12-20|2017-12-14|Structure establishing a sound insulator|
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